Are traffic fines in Victoria essays

Are traffic fines in Victoria articles 'This isn't a street wellbeing procedure, this is a spending methodology, and this Government has now gotten totally reliant on fortune gains from Victoria's drivers' Robert Doyle, pioneer of the Victorian Opposition 'In the event that you get fined [and] lose your permit, you ought to really see yourself as fortunate, in light of the fact that you could have lost much more' Andre Haermeyer, Victorian Police Minister During the last Victorian political race, the Liberal Opposition proposed that a 10 percent breathing space ought to be reestablished in speed-camera arraignments. At the end of the day, that if as far as possible were 70km/h drivers should just be fined once they surpassed 77km/h. The Government's space of 3 percent was supposed to be excessively low. In November 2002 Mr Doyle expressed, 'Our anxiety has been that the speeding fines that this legislature has come to depend on to prop up their overflow isn't about street security, it's about income assortment.' A comparable case has been rehashed a few times in the course of the most recent a year and has been taken up in an increasingly quelled structure by certain agents of the RACV. In September 2003 Mr David Cummings, the RACV supervisor of government relations, expressed, 'While we perceive the requirement for implementation, we are worried that our individuals and the general population have come to consider authorization to be an income measure, as opposed to as a real street security measure.' The RACV isn't recommending that the Government are utilizing traffic fines as an income gadget, rather it is worried that there might be this observation in the open psyche. Hidden this has all the earmarks of being the dread that the general population may come to dislike speed limitations, instead of reasonably conform to them. Improvements through the span of 2003 appear to have taken care of well known disappointment with speed limitations, speed cameras and fines. The Government has broadened its battle against speeding, staging in diminished speeds in the region of schools. It is staging in double reason cameras at 85 high hazard... <!

Historical inaccuracies in Ridley Scott’s film `Gladiator Essay

As of late the development of producers who communicated enthusiasm for adjusting authentic occasions as wide-screen introductions has renewed open enthusiasm on chronicled occasions. In any case, the standard issue is that the general public’s see normally gets twisted because of contemporary filmmakers’ terrible propensity for using their masterful permit to its full degree More regularly than not, adjustments of verifiable occasions like Ridley Scott’s Gladiator offers a brief look at early civic establishments yet disregards the part of authentic exactness which thus tears apart academic endeavors to accommodate open enthusiasm for the real chronicled occasions. The marvelousness and style of business film is in huge part answerable for the chronicled mistakes of Ridley Scott’s Gladiator. Martin Winkler (17) proposes that the explanation for a chronicled film’s takeoff from its birthplaces is that the fiction which causes the mistake is the thing that flashes watcher enthusiasm for the primary spot. In agreement to Winkler’s hypothesis, the components consolidated in Gladiator adds to the film’s recorded treachery; its chief characters, sequence, creation plan, and assumed goal of showing the legitimate life and culture of Imperial Rome, has been weakened by the filmmakers’ feel. According to what the film involves, the structure of the Gladiator’s account seems, by all accounts, to be radically abbreviated. Commodus’ rule was set apart by various death plots, including a plan that included her own sister Lucilla, all records of killing the slippery ruler have nor been set up nor even referenced in the film. Recorded records further propose that Commodus’ rule finished 13 years after the fact upon his death (Boatwright, Gargola, and Talbert 405-406), the film, then again, despite the fact that the time allotment of occasions were rarely really referenced or given a lot of consideration, it delineated that Commodus ruled close to two years (Ward 33). The film additionally delineates that Emperor Commodus kicked the bucket in a gladiatorial duel with Maximus, clearly in an open air theater, with the aim of bringing back majority rule government to Rome and restoring the nation as a republic. While the 73rd book of Cassius Dio’s onlooker record of Roman History grants that a grappler who prevalently passed by the name Narcissus stifled the life out of Commodus, and the episode occurred in the emperor’s shower. The film’s characters likewise share a degree of mistake with the real authentic characters from which they are gotten from. Clearly, from appearance to attributes, the film’s Commodus didn't mirror the Roman Emperor whom history perceived. Basically, Commodus’, in the film, is gave as a dull hared man in his mid 20s who battles with his correct hand and has an immature build (Ward 33). While the recorded Emperor Commodus was and 18-year old blonde with a very much created physical make-up and battled with his left hand (Kyle 224-227). Similarly, the genuine portrayal of Commodus’ individual attributes was conflicting with the film as the verifiable Commodus was infamous for his defilement, savagery, and desire for blood. The film shows the previously mentioned attributes through Commodus’ obsessions with sports, for example, mammoth chasing, chariot-hustling, and fighter battle just as his professes to have prevailed upon 1,000 fights (Ward 32). Be that as it may, Scott’s manifestation repudiates the genuine idea of the roman head as he is described by his guiltless absence of feeling and empathy, savagery, weakness, and mental insecurity (Hekster 53-56). In spite of the film’s delineation that Lucilla had a 8-year old child named Lucius Verus, Allan M. Ward’s Gladiator in Historical Perspective involves that, generally, the child who passed by the name Lucius Verus kicked the bucket during early stages. Likewise, Lucilla brought forth three youngsters during her marriage with Lucius Verus Marcus and just one of the three kids endure and grew up, a unidentified little girl who turned out to be a piece of the death plot against Commodus. Lucilla, notwithstanding, bore a child however she did as such in her marriage, with Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus, and the boy’s name was Aurelius Commodus Pompeianus who was 6-years of age during the hour of the film’s occasions. So also, the explanation for the stressed dad little girl connection among Lucilla and Marcus was the latter’s courses of action of a second marriage for his bereft girl. Aside from the affronting reality that the subsequent marriage happened just 9 or ten moths after Verus’ demisae just as the gigantic hole between the couple’s ages (Lucilla was 19 while Claudius Pompeianus was roughly in his 50s), Lucilla likewise felt undignified by the way that her new life partner originated from a group of commonplace equestrians in Antioch, Syria (Ward 33-34). Be that as it may, the film didn't considered such occasion abandoning the explanation the cool connections between the previous head and previous Augusta unclear (Ward 33-34). The film’s focal character Maximus Decimus Meridius, is an anecdotal character dependent on the prime examples of healthy men from the most distant spans of the empire’s locale who filled in as the emergence of Marcus Aurelius’ persevering thought of utilizing men valuable to the royal reason (Ward 38). To a comparative degree, Maximus’s character is credited to two unmistakable Roman political and military characters, Marcus Nonius Macrinus who was one of Marcus Aurelius’ dearest companions and Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus who was somewhat liable for the Roman triumph over Marcomannic War in the film’s starting (Popham). George Depue Hadzsits (70) recommends that a film, for example, Gladiator is bound to resuscitate enthusiasm for the subject of history thinking about that insightful endeavors basically produce pieces of history which doesn't satisfy the human longing for information. Hadzsits encourages that notwithstanding such visual spectacles’ transient instructive worth and absence of consideration on the point of exactness, at any rate the enthusiasm for the topic is stirred (Hadzsits 71). The issue with Gladiator, on the other hand, is that its recovery of enthusiasm for Roman History, or antiquated world history so far as that is concerned, appears to portray the alleged scattering of old Roman culture and modifies it with standards that the movie producer regards right. As far as creation plan, the protective layer and weaponry worn and yielded by the fighters seem to have a medieval structure as opposed to Roman. Allan Ward (39) composes that warriors had just been put under classes like eques or horseman, provocator which is accepted to be the term for challenger, murmillo or what is considered as water soldiers, hoplomachus or combatants who use substantial weaponry, retiarius the net contenders, and secutors or contraretriarius in any case described as the light outfitted warriors. Notwithstanding, Ward (39) contends that the film doesn't appear to feature the differentiations between fighters as the entirety of the contenders by and large wore a similar shield with little contrasts in weapons of decision. Ward promotes that every warrior class accompanies an alternate arrangement of weapons and protective layer just as an alternate style in battle. The matches between two warriors are reliant of their classification and battling capacities, a secutor, for example was regularly coordinated with a retriarius, maybe because of the similarity in the idea of their weapons and fight abilities. In addition, combatants inside a comparable class were not combined to set in opposition to one another, except for the horsemen and the challengers. As referenced before, one of the premises tied with Gladiator is the propensity to stir enthusiasm on the life and culture of old Rome, yet in this setting the film is likewise incorrect. James R. Keller (88) ensnares that Gladiator forces the American commitment to the standards of majority rule government. At first, the last encounter among Maximus and Commodus ought to prompt the social significance of gladiatorial battle in antiquated Rome, notwithstanding, the re-organized plot of the film that caused the contention between the previous general and the slippery ruler to bomb in its endeavor to do as such. The contention at that point recommends that Maximus speaks to each common laborers, opportunity adoring American while Commodus fills in as the encapsulation of the degenerate, uncaring, and rude privileged person (Keller 88). In its incorrect aggregate, Gladiator has demonstrated itself to be even more an ensemble show adjustment as opposed to a re-recounting an out of date recorded story. In spite of the filmmakers’ endeavors to lead research and look for discussion for pertinent data about the film’s source, the heading stayed in the creation people’s point of view and not with the academic one as the movie proceeded with the re-organized true to life data of the characters and the reformatted occasions in the lives of the characters. Furthermore, the film just conveyed a visual exhibition instead of an educated authentic truth. Martin M. Winkler (204-205) composes that film makers and others worried about showcasing social items constantly approach researchers to manage them in advertising chronicled films. This is, in huge part, realized by producers’ convictions that researcher validity is sufficient to intensify the guaranteed distinction and income of their item. Insightful esteem as indicated by Winkler is basically indispensable as a promoting methodology, however a progressively fitting term is by all accounts misleading publicizing as contributing gatherings and assumed craftsmen persuade people in general of the precision of their misshaped verifiable documentation with the guide of eminent specialists

4 Common Questions About the Science of Love

4 Common Questions About the Science of Love More in Theories Social Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In the past, there has been considerable controversy surrounding the scientific study of love. A lot of people view love as mysterious and unquantifiable. Here are four common questions about the role of love in psychology. 1. How Does the Study of Love Differ From Other Topics? During the 1970s, a U.S. Senator named William Proxmire gave psychologist Elaine Hatfield what he called the Golden Fleece Award. Essentially, he accused her of wasting taxpayer dollars on useless research on love. At the time, many people agreed with him. Since then, research on love has helped change how we view parenting, education, and child development. There is a lot of variability in how love is studied. Harry Harlows famous attachment experiments involved depriving infant monkeys of all social contact, which demonstrated how devastating a lack of love can be to normal development. Today, most love researchers utilize self-report surveys to gather information on attitudes, perceptions, and reactions to love. 2. Which Model of Love Is Mostly Widely Accepted? Perhaps the best-known model today is Sternbergs Triangular Theory of Love. The reason this theory gets a lot of attention is that it combines many of the elements found in earlier theories of love. According to Sternberg, there are three essential elements of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. A relationship built on only one of these elements is generally considered weak, while one built on two or more elements is much more lasting. For example, a combination of passion and intimacy would be what Sternberg refers to as passionate love. A combination of intimacy, passion, and commitment form what is known as consummate love. 3. Are There Studies Comparing Parent-Child Love to Future Romantic Relationships? Yes. There has been quite a bit of research in this area recently. Traditional belief has suggested that while parent-child relationships serve as an important basis for future relationship styles, the earliest relationships between parents and children dont necessarily define how a person will behave in relationships as an adult. However, some recent research has demonstrated that the link between our earliest love relationships and adult relationships may be stronger than previously thought. Many studies have demonstrated that individuals who are viewed as securely attached in childhood grow up to have healthier and longer-lasting adult relationships. However, research has also consistently shown that people can overcome poor attachment in childhood to develop healthy romantic relationships as adults. 4. Do People Sometimes Need Help With Love? One of the most common assessments given by doctors and therapists is called a Global Assessment of Functioning. This assessment is designed to look at all aspects of a persons life in order to see how well the individual is functioning. Love falls under the umbrella of social functioning. Problems with love and interpersonal relationships can be an indicator of major problems, so most professionals take this information very seriously.  Most doctors and psychologists agree that difficulty with love relationships ranks as a serious medical condition that demands some type of intervention. One type of therapy thats used to help with interpersonal difficulties such as love is interpersonal therapy, which focuses on attachments and solving problems with interpersonal relationships. Its a short-term therapy based on the belief that issues in our interpersonal lives may manifest in psychological disorders and symptoms such as depression.

Sex Trafficking in Islam Essay - 5818 Words

Oppression and Exploitation: Sex Trafficking in Islam It may seem as though Islamic cultures oppress their women because of the high regard for the hymen as a sense of honor, yet sex trafficking flourishes not only in the richer Gulf States but also in Islamic countries worldwide. Because â€Å"Islamic fundamentalism is a political movement with an ideology that considers women inherently inferior in intellectual and moral capacity,† sex trafficking is not seen as against the tenants of the religion but rather as acceptable because of the low status of women (Hughes). This paper will uncover some of the veiled secrets of the Islamic world and its darker side of sex work and trafficking. The common belief, especially in the Western world,†¦show more content†¦Islam, like other monotheistic religions, is a faith of the book, known as the Koran. It is considered to be the literal translation of the word of God, and it is the successor to both the new and old testament of the Bible. In Islam there are no additional sacred sc riptures to the Koran, for in the believer’s opinion, it is the final word of God. In addition to following the lessons taught in the Koran, Muslims also practice what is known as the five pillars of Islam. These are declaring the Shahada, or their faith in the religion, engaging in ritual prayer five times a day, paying a Zakat or alms tax yearly, fasting during the religious feast of Ramadan, and at least once in a lifetime making the holy pilgrimage or Hajj to Mecca, the home of the prophet Mohammed (Lippman 6-25). Islam is also split in to two distinct sects, the Sunni’s, who make up the majority of Muslims, and the Shiite’s, who are more literal and fundamentalists in their beliefs, and also believe in the prophet Ali, the son in law of Mohammed. While the basic beliefs of the Islamic faith may not seem like they would directly oppress women, Islamic law does in fact support the subjugation of women. Known, as Sharia, Muslim law is exactly what it seems, legal codes and regulations based on the Islamic faith. This is because lessons from the Koran and Mohammed’s lifeShow MoreRelatedWomen And The Middle East And North Africa1148 Words   |  5 Pagesas a difficult obstacle to overcome, but in spite of this, women’s rights efforts are still being made. While Islamic culture is dominant in Southeast Asia, the culture of Southeast Asian nations is diverse. Islam and gender in Southeast Asia have contributed to the continuing debate over Islam, feminism, and gender rights in the region. The cultures of North Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia are male dominated, but this cultural dominance might not sustain in the future. This essay willRead MoreThe Human Trafficking Business Is Thriving1138 Wor ds   |  5 PagesNewspapers that â€Å"Every year nearly 900,000 people are smuggled across borders to become sex slaves, child labourers and illegal organ donors, with 75 percent of them going through Africa.† First, there are millions of children forced into agricultural labor, marriages, and becoming child soldiers. Also, there are many horrible reasons why the human trafficking business is thriving. Lastly, the effects that trafficking has on its victims. In the early years of 1870 until 1900, Africa was plagued with EuropeanRead MoreSlavery During The Arab Slave Trade1586 Words   |  7 Pagesshipped to America. According to some historians, â€Å"Islam prohibited freeborn Muslims from being enslaved, so it was not in the interest for Arab slavers to convert enslaved Africans to the religion. 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It banishes trafficking for the sex industry, but does not explicitly outlaw all forms of slavery (Odhiambo). This loophole has allowed many tyrants to enslave children and escape punishment. These are just a few of one group of factors that can play a role in becoming childRead MoreCRG520 MOVIE REVIEW AKU MASIH DARA3024 Words   |  13 PagesJustifying Decisions 12 - 13 Synopsis â€Å"Aku Masih Dara† tells the story of Aleesya (Yana), Sofea (Raja Farah), and Hani (Diana Amir) are three close friends who come from different family backgrounds. All three have different interpretations of Islam based on how they were raised. Although they have different perceptions on religion but these do not interfere with their friendship. Aleesya have a basic religious knowledge which is she can read Al-Quran and knows how to perform prayers. HoweverRead MoreEssay On Seven Offensive Facts About The World708 Words   |  3 PagesGuru Govind Singh as a symbol of their sacred condiment yet it is told that in the seventeenth century they start carrying it from keeping themselves protected from the attacker of former Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, who was forced to convert people to Islam at that time. †¢ #3. A human named Ota Benga, who was looked like anthropology, flaunted in a zoo along with monkeys to represent the ancient appearance of humans to the world. This plague incident took place in a zoo of the USA named Bronx Zoo atRead MoreThe Shadow Reports Of India1847 Words   |  8 PagesDiscrimination against Women of 2011), and Pakistan (INSERT REPORT HERE). I’ve chosen to do a cross analysis between how the women’s movements have responded to the actions taken by the government in regards to discrimination/equality and human trafficking/prostitution. I feel that the diverse nature of each of these countries will provide an interesting perspective on the similarities and differences in both governmental response and the women’s movement response. With all of the aforementioned informationRead MoreProstitution Is The Act Of Trading Sex For Some Form Of Profit1954 Words   |  8 Pagesmorality of this act by making it legal in various countries. America has begun to discuss the pros and cons of allowing such a commonly despised and misunderstood profession to be legalized throughout the country. Prostitution is the act of trading sex for some form of profit, usually monetary. Many women are often â€Å"owned† by a procurer, often referred to as a pimp, that takes a portion of their earnings, brings them their clientele, and offers protection from the girls’ Johns, the men that use their

Chronicle of a death foretold Free Essay Example, 1250 words

On discovering that she was not a virgin, he sent her back home immediately and in the process destroyed her life, his life and which led to the killing of Nasar. A series of calamities followed at the altar of the traditional values. He almost drank himself to death, being unable to bear the agony of the fact that he married a dishonored woman. Angel’s brother executed the plan of killing Nasar, the man who did the ignoble act and thus he was also the party that subscribed to the traditional values. The plot-line of the novel thus is centered on the mysterious characteristics of Bayardo. But his action would not be condemned outright and he was only upholding the traditional values of the society. But for his action, the entire storyline would have been different. Once he came to know about the truth related to Angela’s virginity, he had no second thoughts and the traditional values left him with no other option or the escape route. Other characters in the novel know very little about Bayardo, and as such he becomes the mysterious character. We will write a custom essay sample on Chronicle of a death foretold or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now His true feelings as for Angela or about the institution of marriage are never known, except that he is the blind follower of traditional values. When Angela failed the traditional test, she had to go out of the life of Bayardo. But women in the village found Bayardo charming and attractive. The author creates a mysterious character in Bayardo and it appears as if his entry into the plot of the novel is for a specific purpose. Villagers accept Bayardo without verifying his character and antecedents. And nobody knows anything about him. No one questions his trustworthiness and authority. When Santiago is murdered, many pity Bayardo, and none is willing to condemn him. At the same time, none has the idea whether he is honest or not. His peculiar disposition is obvious but none in the village is willing to challenge it. He arrives two hours late for the wedding (he goes missing) but that is ignored and as soon as he arrives he is welcomed by all villag ers. They admire him without questioning. Bayardo’s arrival in the village and the unfortunate marriage Bayardo is not the native of the Columbian village and he reaches to the village six months prior to their wedding â€Å"looking for someone to marry† (25). Everything about Bayardo, from his bizarre arrival to his unfathomable background and â€Å"enchanting† look, triggers an appearance of mystery and the villagers do not realize his â€Å"true† identity until his family arrives (by request of Pura Vicario) and his father is acknowledged as General Petronio San Romà ¡n, a â€Å"hero of the civil wars of the past century† (33).

My Experience Free Essays

Nine weeks I’ve spent in this class, learning new techniques on studying, and learning new critical thinking strategies. Nine weeks that I’ve been in school again thinking and challenging myself and learning about a variety of new things. These last nine weeks have reminded me about the long term effects that higher education will have on my future employment and current job. We will write a custom essay sample on My Experience or any similar topic only for you Order Now This class has gave me so many tools that I can use in my everyday life. These last nine weeks have helped me get my mechanics back together academically I would say. I been out of school for about six months and I haven’t been reading, just working since I came out of school. Recently in class I relearned how to take Cornell Style notes, it’s like a lost art nowadays this note taking. My experience in this class was great overall for being my first time taking an online class. I enjoyed my time because with my work schedule always varying, this class came in handy letting me log in at times when other classes are long finished. This specific course was helpful in that it helped me see there’s more ways of doing things and not to worry about stressing yourself out. One of the most important things this class taught me was collaborative learning is an important aspect of life. I say that because every time we comment on things the atmosphere on the forum is good because it seems like we were constantly feeding off each others answers. The posts always seemed to drag on and for most of week, and I believe that collaborative learning works best in environments like this. The other most important thing I learned here was the value of setting goals for yourself. Whether they be big or small, important or non important setting goals is helpful in accomplishing certain tasks in a fast and secure manner. What also makes it worth while is when you have a big goal and you have little goals in between set in front of you that you must overcome. To me goal setting has usually made me strive to do things better and faster. I believe that the long term benefits of having a education will help you with employment opportunities. I think that having a degree from University of Phoenix will greatly increase my chances of getting promoted because the school has a name for itself at several different companies. At my job alone we have 7 people that graduated from this school in the past year. I also think that with an education you’re more likely to have stability in the workplace, when there is a mass let go phrase, companies tend to keep their educated employees over noneduacated. The tools and assessments in from this course will help me in my future courses and jobs because one of the tools I learned was goal setting. Which will help me keep focus at the task at hand. I also Learned that its okay to learn different things, in an collaborative environment its okay to feed off each, but not steal each others ideas. Which in my current position at work ripping off peoples ideas is spreading like wildfire. Its like some people at my job have been biten by the copy bug. One of the most useful things I learned in this class was how to use the library. I think a lot us take it for granted because they don’t know how to use it. The library allows me to search for articles pertaining to any subject. Also the library tools such as the plagiarism finder, it checks your paper for any plagiarized material. Also the citiation tool is very helpful because it sites everything for you. So, in conclusion; nine weeks have come and gone. Finishing this class is just a goal I set when I started this program. I think collaborative learning is something that can be useful whether it be in a classroom environment or business environment. This class has taught me if you apply yourself and use critical thinking when striving for a goal you can achieve what you set your mind to. How to cite My Experience, Papers My experience Free Essays Learning English at Hartford ELI is a privilege. I believe that it can ease my path towards a brighter future. Studying the English language for one year has been one great and enjoyable experience for me. We will write a custom essay sample on My experience or any similar topic only for you Order Now English is being spoken as the world’s second language. It has become an international language that anyone who knows how to speak it becomes more competent and communicably advanced. Learning and traveling is a lot more fun by learning how to speak English. Looking back on my previous experiences when I was not yet capable of speaking English, I feel humiliated and frustrated. Whenever I ordered food at an English restaurant, the attendants found it hard to understand what I wanted to order because I could not speak English well. Watching movies and television shows in English also pushed me to learn the language more so that I can enjoy watching those shows. Although I wanted to befriend the foreigners, I was ashamed to introduce myself to them and start a conversation since I didn’t know what language they can understand. My problem then was solved when I received a scholarship from the UAE government which allowed me to continue my school in the U.S. Thus, I didn’t hesitate to grab this special opportunity to study English in the U.S. The English Language Institute (ELI) at the University of Hartford gave me a comprehensive academic program designed for international students like me whose primary language is not English. The program really improved my overall educational experience by working towards a greater proficiency in understanding, reading, writing, and speaking English. ELI also strengthened my confidence in speaking English. It also offers wider academic resources and opportunities that will deepen my expertise and broaden my perspectives. Moreover, professors who are also language experts are continuously helping me hone my communication skills. Education at its best is offered by ELI Hartford. The facilities are conducive to learning and the people are friendly. University of Hartford ID card is issued to all student to gain access to all university facilities. There are computer facilities and personal e-mail accounts created to make communication and sharing of information convenient. There is also a university health clinic to ensure the needs of medical attention to students who will get sick while taking classes. Dedicated and professional employees are seen in the vicinity to serve students who seek to learn English. There is also an audio/visual resource center where film viewing and recordings can be viewed to teach students. Interacting with the other international students is the most enjoyable part of being an ELI Hartford student. There are field trips and social activities that helped me to communicate with other students who speak a different language. If we have something in common, that would be our eagerness to learn how to speak good English. There is a huge difference between my native language and the English language. The English intonation, words, expressions, and the characters used for writing are world apart from my own language. Thus, English was a difficult language to learn. Still, I was able to learn the basics of the language easily because of the tutorial sessions and the computer-assisted language learning. The lessons emphasized more on oral/aural skills, reading comprehension, vocabulary development, grammar usage, and writing skills development. These lessons have proven to be an excellent transition for me in studying one’s native language to full-time academic work in English. In addition to my improved language skills, I was able to learn about the United States academic protocols and American culture. This gave me more realizations and tips in dealing with other people while using the English language. As an ELI student, I was able to participate in a variety of activities. In order to learn English faster, I used the language actively.   I believe that attending ELI program has eased the path towards reaching my goals. I have become more competent and confident in dealing with people from all walks of life by learning, loving, and never quitting to learn the English language. How to cite My experience, Essay examples

IT Project Management Plan for Gold Source International Ltd Company in Dubai

Executive Summary This project seeks to launch a new product for Gold Source International Ltd Company in Dubai, (U.A.E.). The company will incorporate the use of IT in the development of the designing software and will use an internally developed website for creating awareness of the product.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on IT Project Management Plan for Gold Source International Ltd Company in Dubai specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company will provide website’s links to social media for further awareness. The whole project will last for about 120 days. It will have various stages including planning, marketing, and the eventual launch. The project manager estimates that the project will cost about $175000. The product will increase the product portfolio of the company and trail-blaze other competitors in the field of medicine. Hence, it will increase the company’s competitive advantage. Proje ct Objectives This project was commissioned to develop and launch a new product (Silicone Sealant product). The product, meant to give customers options and to expand the product portfolio of Golden Source International Ltd Company was to roll out in cities in United Arab Emirates before spreading in other countries. Other objectives were to expand the company’s bottom line by at least 50% and improve the customers’ satisfaction by an acceptable level of at least 50%. The following is a critical look at the project and its objectives with regard to various stakeholders (Reiss, 2007). Project Stakeholders The stakeholders in this project were happy with the outcome. Customers appreciated the introduction of a new product that would increase their options in the market place.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The management of Golden Source International Ltd Compa ny was elated by the design, efficiency, aesthetics, and performance of the product in the first three months. The company staffs involved in the process of the making, advertising, launching, and promoting the product, prior and after the launch, were happy with the experience. They were also happy with the performance of the product. Indications were that customers will shift massively towards this product and plans were already underway to see that the product is launched in other cities in Middle East and then Asia. The product did not violate any environmental laws and in fact was been touted as ‘green’ product with a vision for solving 21st century problems. Every procedure laid out by the government was followed to ensure that there were no disappointments (Reiss, 2007). Goals and Objectives The goals and objectives of this project as outlined before were clearly on course. The customers had already demonstrated happiness. This shows that they would rate the prod uct positively. The performance of the product in the few months after launch indicated that the company was on course towards achieving profit objectives set out (Reiss, 2007). Project Constraints All the project constraints were adequately satisfied. The project was completed in 110 days against a target of 121 days. Additionally, a budget of $175000 had been set aside and the project exceeded this figure by only $1500. This was adequately within the margin of error.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on IT Project Management Plan for Gold Source International Ltd Company in Dubai specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many pundits were happy with the product and the whole launch and performance of the product indicated positive results. Project Scope In Scope Golden Source International Ltd Company in UAE plans to launch a new product using its IT platform. This includes internally developed websites for marketing and s oftware for designing. It also incorporates IT usage in coordination of the various departments involved. Project deliverables include: Designing of product prototype and final product using internal software Developing a new website to market the product Using IT platform to communicate within and between different departments Using the available budget of $175000 Meeting a deadline of 120 days Out of Scope The project however is limited to the launch of the product in the market successfully. The project will not monitor the performance of this product in the market. Additionally, this project does not include the appraisal of the product to determine its profitability. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Work Breakdown Structure The project manager will subdivide the project scope into manageable segments, assign them to the respective individuals, and document that information. The following will be the work breakdown structure for this project. Figure 1 WBS for Silicone Sealant P rojectAdvertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The above structure represents all the stages that the product will go through before the final launch. This will be instrumental for the project manager, as he will know the sequence activities will take. Hence, it will be easy to assign tasks and to determine weak areas. This project does not have small work packages, as most work will be departmental (Reiss, 2007). Sub Units The project manager shall specify the specific requirements of each sub unit. This includes approximate budgetary allocation, performance standards, and durations. The project manager will aggregate this information into a clear format for ease of reference (Castells, 2011). Budget Cost Performance (‘000 Dollars) Project Item Budget Online Marketing 100 VIP product launch 50 Planning 5 Product design 15 Labor 5 Total 175 Project and Budget Control Charts Project and budget control charts records cost, schedule performances to ascertain actual and planned performances of the projec t. Normally these are based on the nature of the work breakdown structure (Chase Aquilano, 2006). It makes use of the work packages. In this project, this may not be as applicable, but may be useful. The project manager may use the Project and Budget Control Chart below. Table 3 Project and Budget Control Chart CostPerformance (‘000 Dollars) SchedulePerformance (Days) Project Item Budget Actual Variance Planned Actual Variance Marketing 100 95 -5 11 13 2 VIP product launch 50 56 6 15 10 -5 Planning 5 3.8 1.2 1 1 0 Road show promotion 15 2 2 0 Labor 5 N/A Total 175 The project manager will obtain cumulative amounts for the actual and scheduled performances and draw bar graphs for comparison. The above analysis may act as an early indicator as to whether the project manager will meet the parameters of the project (Reiss, 2007). Hence, it may be used as an effective tool to source for additional time or resources from management. If it is a strict -schedule project, this parameter may offer a way for the manager to organize for overtime and to crash the network diagram for a scheduled finish (Chase Aquilano, 2006). Project Schedule Use of a Gantt chart This project’s project manager may find it quite useful to engage the use of a Gantt chart in managing complexity in cost and time (Schwalbe, 2013). A Gantt chart is an intricate tool used for the management of interrelated tasks with different durations. When using a Gantt chart, the project manager assumes that the tasks are linear and their durations can be determined beforehand with a high degree of precision (Reiss, 2007). However, it is advisable for management to have duration estimates with the relevant possible contingencies. This project has eight major events. They include planning, product design, packaging, online marketing, TV marketing, road shows, product launch/selling, and promotions. They start at different stages in the project and have varying durat ions as shown below in the Gantt chart (Chase Aquilano, 2006). Table 4 Activity Durations and Start Times Activity Start Duration Planning 0 1 Software Product design 1 3 Packaging 4 60 Online Marketing 0 1 Website Development 0 10 Social Media Promotion 64 2 Product launch 66 15 Promotions and selling 81 40 Figure 2 Gantt chart for this Project As the above figure indicates, a Gantt chart has a number of benefits to the project manager. First, it diagrammatically represents the whole project. This makes it easy for the project manager to indentify the activities to complete first and clearly shows the relationships between tasks. Second, it shows the duration of a project. This project is likely to take 121 days as shown in the Gantt chart. However, in as much as it may show the tasks clearly, it does not indicate dependencies among tasks and the project manager may not know from the Gantt chart how the delay of one task may affect another. For this purpose, the project manager will have to use the network diagrams (Chase Aquilano, 2006). Since this project started, planning has been completed. Both online and TV marketing are already been carried out announcing the upcoming product. The product is in its formative stages in the laboratories and it is anticipated that the packaging design is the activity likely to take most of the work. This is because the company already had a similar product from which to improve and come up with the current one. Activities such as road shows, product launch, and promotions are yet to commence. It is also crucial to note that only 12 days have elapsed since the commencement of this project (Reiss, 2007). Network Diagrams There are two types of network diagrams. These are very useful tools in project control. There are two types of network diagrams: Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Path Analysis (CPM). They are complex decision-making tools that enable project managers to o rganize work and plan work flows. They provide necessary information that is vital in scheduling and budgeting (Reiss, 2007). This information includes the earliest start times of a project, latest completion times, time floats, and the critical path. The critical path is the longest route in a network diagram that indicates the time the project will take. It is hard to construct a network diagram for a project with complex times and huge budgets but the availability of software for that purpose makes it easy. In this project, the techniques may be useful to the project manager in evaluating the progress of the project (UWSA 2005). Conclusion The project did not experience notable setbacks. However, areas of weaknesses were indentified in the departmental contacts. For example, the project manager and sales manager differed about the time when the promotional campaign should start. The project manager felt the timing of the campaign was poor because the product was a long way from b een launched and customers were likely to forget about it. This would lead to wastage of resources. However, the sales manager was of the opinion that it was meant to prepare the customers fully (Reiss, 2007). Additionally, after the budget exceeded by $1500, the project manager wrote an explanatory proposal to management and some managers felt he should have anticipated this instead of bringing it up after it had happened. However, the project manager explained it was because of the early campaign by the sales manager. Hence, he was feeling under pressure to launch the product fast. Lastly, sometimes the road shows would report poor reception and hence it came out as a poor method of advertising. In future, it would be imperative to iron out those little setbacks but they had no major effect on the launch (Chase Aquilano, 2006). References Castells, M. (2011). The Rise of the Network Society: The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Chas e, B.R. Aquilano, N.J. (2006). Operations Management for Competitive Advantage. New York: McGraw Irwin. Reiss, G. (2007). Project Management Demystified. New York, NY: Routledge. Schwalbe, K. (2013). Information Technology Project Management. Cambridge, MA: Course Technology. UWSA (2005). Project Implementation Process Tools. Web. This report on IT Project Management Plan for Gold Source International Ltd Company in Dubai was written and submitted by user Brady Morton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

General John Pemberton in the Civil War

General John Pemberton in the Civil War Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton was a Confederate commander during the Civil War. A native of Pennsylvania, he elected to serve the South as his wife was from Virginia. Pemberton had seen fighting during the Mexican-American War and was given command of the Department of South Carolina and Georgia. Though he proved unsuccessful in this role, he was admired by Confederate President Jefferson Davis and received a posting to lead the Department of Mississippi and West Louisiana. Heading west, Pemberton successfully protected the vital river town of Vicksburg in 1862, but was repeatedly bested by Major General Ulysses S. Grant the following year. His military career effectively ended after he was forced to surrender at the Siege of Vicksburg. Early Life Born August 10, 1814 in Philadelphia, PA, John Clifford Pemberton was the second child of John and Rebecca Pemberton. Educated locally, he initially attended the University of Pennsylvania before deciding to pursue a career as an engineer. To achieve this goal, Pemberton elected to seek an appointment to West Point. Using his familys influence and connections to President Andrew Jackson, he gained admittance to the academy in 1833. A roommate and close friend of George G. Meade, Pembertons other classmates included Braxton Bragg, Jubal A. Early, William H. French, John Sedgwick, and Joseph Hooker. While at the academy, he proved an average student and graduated ranked 27th of 50 in the class of 1837. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 4th US Artillery, he traveled to Florida for operations during the Second Seminole War. While there, Pemberton took part in the Battle of Locha-Hatchee in January 1838. Returning north later in the year, Pemberton engaged in garrison duty at Fort Columbus (New York), Trenton Camp of Instruction (New Jersey), and along the Canadian border before being promoted to first lieutenant in 1842. Mexican-American War Following service at Carlisle Barracks (Pennsylvania) and Fort Monroe in Virginia, Pembertons regiment received orders to join Brigadier General Zachary Taylors occupation of Texas in 1845. In May 1846, Pemberton saw action at the Battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma during the opening phases of the Mexican-American War. In the former, the American artillery played a key role in achieving victory. In August, Pemberton departed his regiment and became an aide-de-camp to Brigadier General William J. Worth. A month later, he earned praise for his performance at the Battle of Monterrey and received a brevet promotion to captain. Along with Worths division, Pemberton was shifted to Major General Winfield Scotts army in 1847. With this force, he took part in the Siege of Veracruz and the advance inland to Cerro Gordo. As Scotts army neared Mexico City, he saw further action at Churubusco in late August before distinguishing himself in the bloody victory at Molino del Rey the following month. Brevetted to major, Pemberton aided in the storming of Chapultepec a few days later where he was wounded in action. Fast Facts: Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton Rank: Lieutenant GeneralService: US Army/Confederate ArmyBorn: August 10, 1814 in Philadelphia, PADied: July 13, 1881 in Penllyn, PAParents: John and Rebecca PembertonSpouse: Martha ThompsonConflicts:  Second Seminole War,  Mexican-American War, Civil WarKnown For: Siege of Vicksburg Antebellum Years With the end of the fighting in Mexico, Pemberton returned to the 4th US Artillery and moved into garrison duty at Fort Pickens in Pensacola, FL. In 1850, the regiment transferred to New Orleans. During this period, Pemberton married Martha Thompson, a native of Norfolk, VA. Over the next decade, he shifted through garrison duty at Fort Washington (Maryland) and Fort Hamilton (New York) as well as assisted in operations against the Seminoles. Ordered to Fort Leavenworth in 1857, Pemberton took part in the Utah War the following year before moving on to the New Mexico Territory for a brief posting at Fort Kearny. Sent north to Minnesota in 1859, he served at Fort Ridgely for two years. Returning east in 1861, Pemberton assumed a position at the Washington Arsenal in April. With the outbreak of the Civil War later that month, Pemberton agonized over whether to remain in the US Army. Though a Northerner by birth, he elected to resign effective April 29 after his wifes home state left the Union. He did so despite pleas from Scott to remain loyal as well as the fact that two of his younger brothers elected to fight for the North. Early Assignments Known as a skilled administrator and artillery officer, Pemberton quickly received a commission in the Virginia Provisional Army. This was followed by commissions in the Confederate Army which culminated in his appointment as a brigadier general on June 17, 1861. Given command of a brigade near Norfolk, Pemberton led this force until November. A skilled military politician, he was promoted to major general on January 14, 1862 and placed in command of the Department of South Carolina and Georgia. Making his headquarters at Charleston, SC, Pemberton quickly proved unpopular with local leaders due to his Northern birth and abrasive personality. The situation worsened when he commented that he would withdraw from the states rather than risk losing his small army. Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton. Photograph Source: Public Domain When the governors of South Carolina and Georgia complained to General Robert E. Lee, Confederate President Jefferson Davis informed Pemberton that the states were to be defended to the end. Pembertons situation continued to degrade and in October he was replaced by General P.G.T. Beauregard. Despite his difficulties in Charleston, Davis promoted him to lieutenant general on October 10 and assigned him to lead the Department of Mississippi and West Louisiana. Early Vicksburg Campaigns Though Pembertons first headquarters was in Jackson, MS, the key to his district was the city of Vicksburg. Perched high on the bluffs overlooking a bend in the Mississippi River, the city blocked Union control of the river below. To defend his department, Pemberton possessed approximately 50,000 men with around half in the garrisons of Vicksburg and Port Hudson, LA. The remainder, largely led by Major General Earl Van Dorn, was badly demoralized following defeats earlier in the year around Corinth, MS. Taking command, Pemberton began work to improve Vicksburgs defenses while blocking Union thrusts from the north led by Major General Ulysses S. Grant. Pressing south along the Mississippi Central Railroad from Holly Springs, MS, Grants offensive stalled in December following Confederate cavalry raids on his rear by Van Dorn and Brigadier General Nathan B. Forrest. A supporting thrust down the Mississippi led by Major General William T. Sherman was halted by Pembertons men at Chickasaw Bayou on December 26-29. Grant Moves Despite these successes, Pembertons situation remained tenuous as he was badly outnumbered by Grant. Under strict orders from Davis to hold the city, he worked to thwart Grants efforts to bypass Vicksburg during the winter. This included blocking Union expeditions up the Yazoo River and Steeles Bayou. In April 1863, Rear Admiral David D. Porter ran several Union gunboats past the Vicksburg batteries. As Grant began preparations to move south along the west bank before crossing the river south of Vicksburg, he directed Colonel Benjamin Grierson to mount a large cavalry raid through the heart of Mississippi to distract Pemberton. Possessing around 33,000 men, Pemberton continued to hold the city as Grant crossed the river at Bruinsburg, MS on April 29. Calling for aid from his department commander, General Joseph E. Johnston, he received some reinforcements which began to arrive in Jackson. Meanwhile, Pemberton dispatched elements of his command to oppose Grants advance from the river. Some of these were defeated at Port Gibson on May 1 while newly-arrived reinforcements under Brigadier General John Gregg suffered a setback at Raymond eleven days later when they were beaten by Union troops led by Major General James B. McPherson. Failure in the Field Having crossed the Mississippi, Grant drove on Jackson rather than directly against Vicksburg. This caused Johnston to evacuate the state capital while calling for Pemberton to advance east to strike the Union rear. Believing this plan to be too risky and cognizant of Davis orders that Vicksburg be protected at all costs, he instead moved against Grants supply lines between Grand Gulf and Raymond. On May 16, Johnston reiterated his orders forcing Pemberton to countermarch and throwing his army into a degree of confusion. Later in the day, his men encountered Grants forces near Champion Hill and were soundly defeated. Retreating from the field, Pemberton had little choice but to retreat towards Vicksburg. His rearguard was defeated the following day by Major General John McClernands XIII Corps at Big Black River Bridge. Heeding Davis orders and possibly concerned about public perception due to his Northern birth, Pemberton led his battered army into the Vicksburg defenses and prepared to hold the city. Battle of Vicksburg. Photograph Source: Public Domain Siege of Vicksburg Quickly advancing to Vicksburg, Grant launched a frontal assault against its defenses on May 19. This was repulsed with heavy losses. A second effort three days later had similar results. Unable to breach Pembertons lines, Grant commenced the Siege of Vicksburg. Trapped against the river by Grants army and Porters gunboats, Pembertons men and the citys residents quickly began to run low on provisions. As the siege continued, Pemberton repeatedly called for aid from Johnston but his superior was unable to raise the necessary forces in a timely manner. On June 25, Union forces detonated mine which briefly opened a gap in the Vicksburg defenses, but Confederate troops were able to quickly seal it and turn back the attackers. With his army starving, Pemberton consulted his four division commanders in writing on July 2 and asked if they believed the men to be strong enough to attempt an evacuation of the city. Receiving four negative responses, Pemberton contacted Grant and requested an armistice so that surrender terms could be discussed. The City Falls Grant refused this request and stated that only unconditional surrender would be acceptable. Reassessing the situation, he realized that it would take a tremendous amount of time and supplies to feed and move 30,000 prisoners. As a result, Grant relented and accepted the Confederate surrender on the condition that the garrison be paroled. Pemberton formally turned the city over to Grant on July 4. The capture of Vicksburg and subsequent fall of Port Hudson opened the entirety of the Mississippi to Union naval traffic. Exchanged on October 13, 1863, Pemberton returned to Richmond to seek a new assignment. Disgraced by his defeat and accused of disobeying orders by Johnston, no new command was forthcoming despite Davis confidence in him. On May 9, 1864, Pemberton resigned his commission as a lieutenant general. Later Career Still willing to serve the cause, Pemberton accepted a lieutenant colonels commission from Davis three days later and assumed command of an artillery battalion in the Richmond defenses. Made inspector general of the artillery on January 7, 1865, Pemberton remained in that role until the end of the war. For a decade after the war, he lived at his farm in Warrenton, VA before moving back to Philadelphia in 1876. He died in Pennsylvania on July 13, 1881. Despite protests, Pemberton was buried in Philadelphias famed Laurel Hill Cemetery not far from his roommate Meade and Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren.

Cubic Feet to Cubic Inches Conversion

Cubic Feet to Cubic Inches Conversion Converting cubic feet  to cubic inches  is a common English units conversion  problem. Here is the conversion factor and a worked example. Conversion Factor 1 cubic foot   1728 cubic inches 1 cubic inch 0.000578704 cubic feet Simple Example Convert 3.5 cubic feet into cubic inches.  When using a conversion factor, be sure the unit you are changing from gets canceled out. You can multiply by the conversion factor: 3.5 cubic feet x 1728 cubic inches per cubic foot 6048 cubic inches Worked Example You measure a box and find it is 2 foot  long, 1 foot  high, and 0.5 feet deep. The first step is to calculate the volume in cubic feet.  The volume of the box is length x width x height so the volume of the box is: 2 x 1 x 0.5   volume in cubic feet 1 cubic foot Now, to convert this to cubic inches, you know there are 1728 cubic inches in 1 cubic foot: 1 cubic foot x (1728 cubic inches / 1 cubic foot) volume in cubic inches 1 cubic foot x 1728 cubic inches/foot   volume in cubic inches 1728 cubic inches

Dr. Kings Letter from the Birmingham Jail Assignment

Dr. Kings Letter from the Birmingham Jail - Assignment Example o gauged by commentaries in Bible which became apparent after Professor Glenn Sunshine’s and Professor Robert George’s discussion referring to the beliefs of equality in Christianity. Even though these commentaries, necessarily, do not coincide with the practices of social segregation on the name of religion or ethnicity, the ideologies hidden beneath the meaning of these commandments indicate Jesus’ message towards human equality irrespective of their belief of God through Jesus Christ or any other pronouncer of truth as per the scriptures. The phrase â€Å"work of the law† in this respect directs the compassion or sentiments perceived by a human character to abide by the norms mentioned in his believed scriptures treating those as God’s law and act accordingly. This further resembles the prominence of such beliefs being imbibed within a human character and the society at large which is phrased as â€Å"written in their hearts†. As was explained by Craig Bluemel, followers of Jesus Christ have often misunderstood the commandments to inscribe a segregation of the followers of Jesus from the believers of another pronouncer of Godâ€℠¢s verses. In his words, â€Å"...Christians say that unless a person repents and believes in God ONLY thru Jesus Christ, that he or she is going to spend eternity in hell... For years, I avoided answering this question directly, because, quite frankly, I had no proof from Scripture that such a notion by Christians exists (i.e. that God sends people to hell that never hear the gospel)† (Bluemel, â€Å"Q & A Series: Please explain Romans 2:14-15†). A quite similar depiction can be obtained from the social phenomenon inscribed in Dr. King Jr.’s letter, where tribes were being segregated on the basis of their â€Å"work of the law† built with strong belief on God through Jesus Christ or rather Christianity; thus indicating social segregation grounded on racial as well as religious differences (King, Jr., â€Å"Letter from Birmingham

Darwinism versus Creationism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Darwinism versus Creationism - Research Paper Example Darwinism versus Creationism Introduction The significant difference between Darwinism and Creationism is that Darwinism is based on data while Creationism is based on human belief (Scott, 2005). Darwinism is a theory of the original perpetuation of new species of plants and animals which offspring from a certain organism. According to Darwinism, natural selection favors the survival of some species which makes new species arise with time forming divergent variety and groups of plants and animals (Scott, 2005). Darwinism is based on the concept of biological evolution whereby DNA strands cause differences in plants such as color and height of plants and animals (Young & Largent, 2007). On the other hand, Creationism is a doctrine which holds that the world and various forms of life were created by God out of nothing (Scott, 2005). Unlike Darwinism, creationism is not a scientific theory but is based on religious beliefs and doctrines. Charles Darwin theory of origin of species that w as published in 1859 demonstrated that organisms produce offspring that is capable of living and that variations occur in every species population (Young & Largent, 2007). ... Darwinism theory is based on the idea that species change over time and space. Populations in different geographical areas will differ in behavior and physical make up like the fossil deposits (Young & Largent, 2007). According to Darwinism, all species share a common ancestor like human beings share a common ancestor with Chimpanzees some eight million years ago and with Kangaroos some one hundred million years ago (Witham, 2005). According to natural selection process which forms the basis of Darwinism, organisms will exhibit variations in their behavior and physical appearance like voice variations and facial marks. Such traits are passed from the ancestor to offspring but some traits may be influenced by the environmental conditions (Witham, 2005). A trait must pass an advantage to the offspring in order to survive during the struggle for limited resources. The gradual change of the population takes many years like 100,000 rather than creation of new species which is the creation ism belief. Darwinism theory is evident since industrial melanism phenomenon which was experienced during industrial revolution caused tree trunks to darken while light colored moths diminished while black colored moths became abundant. The organisms also transfer genetics to the offspring. Due to competition for the limited resources, the organisms with advantageous traits will survive the competition and continue reproduction. Darwinism theory has been proved by the DNA evidence since parents pass some genes to the offspring (Scott, 2005). On the other hand, Creationism asserts that natural selection doctrine by Darwinism has not been proved scientifically. According

Obfuscated Data Storage For Cloud Environment

Obfuscated Data Storage For Cloud Environment Ravi Pandey, and Kamlesh Chandra Purohit Abstract. Data storage service is one of the most attractive services provided by the cloud service provider. Despite the benefits of cloud computing threat to data confidentiality, integrity and availability may stop the data owner from switching to a cloud environment. Handing over the data to a third party to store and manage may generate data security issues as owner of the data cannot deploy its own security policies in storage service provider’s premises. A storage service provider may misuse the client’s data. In a cloud environment data is stored in the service provider’s premises so there should be a mechanism which hides meaning of the data from the service provider or any other unauthorized entity. In this paper, we propose a mechanism which utilizes some existing schemes like erasure correcting code, AES, SHA256 and some new techniques to achieve data security guarantees against any unauthorized entity. Keywords: Data storage service, cloud computing, erasure correcting code, AES, SHA256. 1. Introduction Cloud computing technology, which is popular for its pay as you go model attracts enterprises and individuals to host their data in a cloud environment. Based on results from IDCs 2012 North American CloudTrack Survey â€Å"more than 30% of organizations expect that within five years, the majority of their IT capability will be delivered through public cloud services and that within three years, they will access 45.5% of IT resources through some form of cloud — public, private, or hybrid†. As Cloud Computing has advantages for both providers and users, it is developing in an amazing pace and predicted to grow and be adopted by a large amount of users in the near future [1]. Cloud storage is an important service of cloud computing, which allows data owners (owners) to move data from their local computing systems to the cloud [2]. The storage space requirement is increasing every day as rate of data generation is very high. According to IDC Digital Universe Study, June 2011, â€Å"In 2011, the amount of information created and replicated will surpass 1.8 zettabytes (1.8 trillion gigabytes), growing by a factor of nine in just five years. That’s nearly as many bits of information in the digital universe as stars in the physical universe†. Various surveys show that the issue of data security is highest among clients who wish to switch their data in the cloud. Existing encryption schemes assure security guarantee for data while traversing in the network, where data resides for very short time. In case of data stored in a cloud environment, data resides for a long time in the service provider’s storage premises, so the service provider or its any employee can attempt brute force attack to get information from the client’s stored data. In a cloud environment there can be some internal attackers like employee of service provider who can behave dishonestly. Some applications stored by other client on the same server may be malicious which try to access data of other clients. Although it becomes difficult for an external attacker to attack intended data as in cloud where data is stored is not known to attacker but they can try to attack any random data. Therefore, client expects a secure network in which client can upload data, an honest service provider and a third party auditor who can take responsibility to check integrity of data stored in cloud server. This paper is extension of our previous paper []. Here we will explain proposed scheme in more detail and we will analyze the complexity of our algorithm. 2. System Model Cloud storage auditing system consists of three entities client, cloud server and third Party auditor. Client is the owner of data to be stored in cloud. Client generates the data to be hosted in cloud and can access, modify or delete the data to be hosted. Cloud storage server stores the data and provides mechanisms to access, modifying or deleting the data. Fig. 1. Cloud data storage architecture. Storage servers are geographically distant located, data is redundantly stored in multiple servers for security reasons. Third party auditor is an authorised system to check integrity of data storage. Data flow in between any pair of entity happens in encrypted form. We know that system is prone to internal and external attacks; other issues like hardware failure, software bugs, networking may also impact the system. We believe that, the third party auditing scheme, proposed by many researcher with some modification can make the whole cloud storage environment more reliable and secure. 3. Design Goal In Existing scheme key problem is that data stored in cloud data storage server is in meaningful manner. Our design goal is to obfuscate data before uploading it to the cloud server. After that we utilize existing data encryption techniques and hashing algorithm for providing user authentication and ensuring data integrity. 4. Proposed Work 4.1. Data Obfuscation Algorithm Let F be the private file, which is to be uploaded in the cloud environment. (we can see file F as an array of bytes from 0 to Flength.) Select a key K, an array of 10 digits from 0 to 9 without any repetition. Initialize 10 files f0,f1,f2,f3,†¦f9., we call them file components. For each byte F[i] of file F, calculate j= i %10; For each j, look for K[j] and append F[i] byte on fK[j] component. Figure 1. Demonstration of the file F, which is to be uploaded in the cloud environment. Figure 2. Demonstration of the key K. Figure 3. Demonstration of the file component fj. 4.2. Program Code for data obfuscation algorithm Program code in python for splitting file in components. count=0 n=0 path=I:\abcd; khol = open(path,rb) clone1=open(I:\115,wb) clone2=open(I:\116,wb) clone3=open(I:\117,wb) clone4=open(I:\120,wb) clone5=open(I:\121,wb) clone6=open(I:\123,wb) clone7=open(I:\124,wb) clone8=open(I:\125,wb) clone9=open(I:\126,wb) myL=[clone3,clone5,clone2,clone7,clone1,clone9,clone4,clone8,clone6] byte=start while byte!=: byte = khol.read(1) n=count%9 count=count+1 if byte: if n==0: clone=myL[0] clone.write(byte) elif n==1: clone=myL[1] clone.write(byte) elif n==2: clone=myL[2] clone.write(byte) elif n==3: clone=myL[3] clone.write(byte) elif n==4: clone=myL[4] clone.write(byte) elif n==5: clone=myL[5] clone.write(byte) elif n==6: clone=myL[6] clone.write(byte) elif n==7: clone=myL[7] clone.write(byte) elif n==8: clone=myL[8] clone.write(byte) else: break khol.close() clone1.close() clone2.close() clone3.close() clone4.close() clone5.close() clone6.close() clone7.close() clone8.close() clone9.close() Program code in python for regenerating main file from components. clone1=open(I:\115,rb) clone2=open(I:\116,rb) clone3=open(I:\117,rb) clone4=open(I:\120,rb) clone5=open(I:\121,rb) clone6=open(I:\123,rb) clone7=open(I:\124,rb) clone8=open(I:\125,rb) clone9=open(I:\126,rb) recover=open(I:\abcd,wb) myL=[clone3,clone5,clone2,clone7,clone1,clone9,clone4,clone8,clone6] byte=start while byte!=: if byte: for x in myL: byte=x.read(1) recover.write(byte) else: break clone1.close() clone2.close() clone3.close() clone4.close() clone5.close() clone6.close() clone7.close() clone8.close() clone9.close() recover.close() 4.3. Erasure Correcting Code After division of File F in 10 components, we use erasure correcting code [] to achieve data availability against byzantine failure. Erasure coding (EC) is a method of data protection in which data is broken into fragments, expanded and encoded withredundantdata pieces and stored across a set of different locations or storage media. Erasure coding creates a mathematicalfunctionto describe asetof numbers so they can be checked for accuracy and recovered if one is lost. Referred to aspolynomial interpolationor oversampling, this is the key concept behind erasure codes. In mathematical terms, the protection offered by erasure coding can be represented in simple form by the following equation: n = k + m. The variable â€Å"k† is the original amount of data or symbols. The variable â€Å"m† stands for the extra or redundant symbols that are added to provide protection from failures. The variable â€Å"n† is the total number of symbols created after the erasure coding process. For instance, in a [10:16] method six extra symbols (m) would be added to the 10 base symbols (k). The 16 data fragments (n) would be spread across 16 drives, nodes or geographic locations. The original file could be reconstructed from 10 verified fragments. 4.4. Component Encryption (AES) Now we can encrypt each file component with AES using 128 bit, 192 bit, or 256 bit key for encryption. 4.5. Token Generation(SHA256) We calculate hash function SHA256 for every data component H(fi)=xi. TheSHA algorithm is a cryptographic hash functionwhich produces a 64 digithash value. We use this token as a challenge token for auditing the storage server. Third party auditor keeps token value of each encrypted file component. File components are identified by a random_number generated by the client. Size of random_number depends on the requirement of the storage space by the client. 4.6. Database description After uploading files in the data storage server the client can delete the files in its local machine. Client keeps database of each file which contains file name, AES encryption password , file distribution password. Besides this for each file client keeps database for file component of that file. It contains random_number associated with each file component. Third party auditor keeps clients id, random_number associated with file components and challenge token corresponding to each component. Storage server stores client id and file component named with random_number generated by the client. 5. Third Party auditing TPA sends random_number to the cloud storage server. On receiving this random_number, cloud storage server calculates hash function of corresponding file component. Storage server encrypts this hash value with a shared key among TPA and storage server and sends encrypted hash value to TPA. TPA matches this received value with its database. If the stored hash value of a file and received hash value are same then file component is stored correctly, otherwise TPA sends alert message to the corresponding client of that file. 6. Algorithm Analysis In this section, we evaluate the complexity of the proposed scheme under the section 4.1. We took files of size 10 kb, 100 kb, 1000 kb and 10,000 kb for analyzing time complexity of the algorithm. Using time function of python we majored repeatedly the time of execution of proposed algorithm. We found that time of execution linearly (O(n)) depends on the size of file. Similarly, we majored time of execution at the time of regeneration of file from its components, and we found that time of regeneration of file is also linearly (O(n)) depends on file size. After execution of algorithm we found that total size of file components generated from the file to be uploaded is equal to the size of original file. In this way proposed scheme do not impose any extra storage burden. 7. Conclusion To ensure cloud data storage security, it is essential to hide meaning of data from all the third party entities like storage service provider and third party auditor. This is only possible when owner of data obfuscate the file to be uploaded in its own machine before uploading. The scheme which we have proposed ensures that information stored in the file cannot be interpreted by the third party auditor and storage service provider. Hence, client’s file is safe from both internal and external attackers. Utilization of existing scheme erasure correcting code ensures security against byzantine failure and use of random_number associated with file components together with secure hash algorithm allows third party auditor to audit file components without sharing any information which can help storage service provider to interpret the meaning of stored file. References Agrawal, R., Srikant, R.: Fast Algorithms for Mining Association Rules. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Very Large Databases. Morgan Kaufmann, Santiago, Chile, 487-499. (1994) Garcia-Molina, H., Ullman, D. J., Widom, J.: Database Systems: The Complete Book. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA. (2002) Wang, X., Bettini, C., Brodsky, A., Jajoida, S.: Logical Design for Temporal Databases with Multiple Granularities. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 22, No. 2, 115-170. (1997) Bruce, K. B., Cardelli, L., Pierce, B. C.: Comparing Object Encodings. In: Abadi, M., Ito, T. (eds.): Theoretical Aspects of Computer Software. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1281. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 415–438. (1997) van Leeuwen, J. (ed.): Computer Science Today. Recent Trends and Developments. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1000. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1995) Ribià ¨re, M., Charlton, P.: Ontology Overview. Motorola Labs, Paris (2002). [Online]. Available: http://www.fipa.org/docs/input/f-in-00045/f-in-00045.pdf (current October 2003)

Impact of New Technology on Lifestyle and Health Essay

As a start I would like to give a short and simple definition of the concept â€Å"technology†. Technology will, in this case and this paper, refer to any physical object, product, environment, or symbol that has been created by human beings. Another frequently used concept with the same meaning is â€Å"artifact† (Simon, 1969). Technology has had a great impact upon the living conditions of people all over the world. Technology has helped us to perform many tasks safer, faster, and with higher precision than would be possible without its help. Technology has also made us stronger, helped us to travel faster, and made it possible for us to perform tasks that otherwise would be impossible to perform. With the help of technology we can perform many tasks that are dangerous for people to perform, like working in a hostile physical environment, for instance in a contaminated or radioactive environment. Technology has helped us to perform boring manual tasks day and night, every day in the week, even without a coffee brake. Technology has made it possible for us to travel all over the world and reach new destinations, quicker than ever. Soon we might even travel to other planets in our Solar system. The invention of machines, computers and other technological artefacts has improved our mental abilities too. Technology can make us smart (Norman, 1993) by increasing our abilities to remember better, by storing information in different formats, and support our reasoning activities. Thanks to computers we can perform complex calculations quickly, simulate processes of different kind, create art and music, and so on. Technology has also helped us to pick up information that earlier was impossible to pick up. Microscopes and telescopes, only to mention a few technological devices, have made it possible for us to look into worlds that we otherwise would not have any access to. New intelligent hearing aids have helped people with hearing deficits to pick up auditory information better and improved the possibilities to communicate with other people. Technology can improve our abilities to control vehicles of different kind, for instance to improve the ability to steer, brake and shift gears in the car. New technology has been used to create systems that can help drivers to find new destinations, or find the quickest route to known destinations. New technology has also been developed for helping drivers to avoid collisions and other dangerous situations. Technology has made it possible to adapt cars to drivers with functional handicap so that they can drive (nearly?) as safely as drivers without these problems. Technology can help mariners to navigate ships across the Atlantic with high precision, to assist pilots in their task of flying to selected destinations, avoid collisions in the air, control the aircraft, and so on. Process industries, manufacturing industries, energy producing industries can today be controlled with the help of new advanced technology. Technology has had an impact on the way we live, work, enjoy ourselves, and communicate with each other. Thanks to improved transportation systems we can now live at a distance from our working place, and commute to our job. Some of us can work from home thanks to the computer and the ability to send digital messages to different destinations. Thanks to the World Wide Web we can communicate with people at very distant places and arrange virtual meetings. We also have new ways of entertaining ourselves. Technology in the Health sector has made important contributions to the treatment of diseases and with the help of advanced technology it is now possible to save lives in a way that was not possible only a few decades ago. In her key note, professor Axelsson has shown how technology can be used in health care. Soon it may be possible to replace missing limbs with artifacts that can perform the tasks the missing limb should have performed. Changes in lifestyle? I believe we can identify some important changes in our lifestyles that are, at least partly, caused by the technological development. With the focus on human work I believe we can identify the following, and many more changes. A shift from physical to mental workload One important trend in our working life is a shift from physically demanding tasks to mentally demanding tasks. Human work has for a long time been more or less dominated by tasks that were physically demanding. Some of these tasks are still with us, but in many cases new technology can help us to perform them with less physical effort. A farmer, say 150 years ago, performed many manual tasks. Today there exist machines that can help the farmer to perform many of the tasks. A miner used to perform many heavy manual tasks when my father was working as a miner. Today trucks are doing the job, quicker and faster. Instead of performing the physically demanding tasks an operator of a machine has to control the machine and supervise its performance, indicating a shift to a mentally demanding task. A task is mentally demanding if it imposes a workload on our abilities to search for and pick up relevant information, store information, use information to make decisions, solve problems, develop action plans and supervise the performance of action plans. Many working tasks today have the character of being more mentally demanding than physically demanding. A shift towards supervising processes The condition for workers has, in many cases, changed from being in direct contact with the working task to using some kind of technological device to perform the task. This has quite often resulted in a new role for the worker. The new role is more of a supervisor of a process. Examples may be found among pilots who are interacting with a computer, the flight management system, which is performing part of the flying task. Another example can be found among workers in highly automated industrial processes, where an automated system is controlling a large part of the process. Increased complexity The introduction of computers has increased the complexity of many tasks. The amount of information we are forced to process in working life has increased. As a result is it has become harder to understand the way different systems are working. The logic of many systems is hidden in the computer and not possible to inspect directly. Negative impact of technology There are some psychological consequences of the changes that has occurred as a result of new technology. In some cases technology can make us stupid, confused and disoriented. Please let me illustrate this statement by giving a few examples on how technology can confuse us and make us look stupid. Technology that may make us stupid Doors are equipped with some kind of device to open and close them. In some cases it is perfectly obvious how the device works by looking at it. In other cases it might be confusing. There exist doors where the device to open and close the doors are identical in shape, but works completely different. A good design should make it obvious how a door should be opened and the principle of consistency should be used. In some cases it may be extremely important to be able to open doors quickly and without involving higher mental processes. Another example of a violation of the principle of consistency is when you have a door with two locks, and to open the door you must turn the key in different directions in each lock. Still another example can be taken from the medical sector. A number of studies have shown that errors are made in this sector, and that errors tend to occur when patients are given their medicine. One possible explanation to this is that different medicines may be stored in bottles that look very much like each other. An interesting question is how the container for different medicines should be physically designed so that it is easy to distinguish different drugs. An example from the automobile industry has to do with the relationship between controls and, in this case, windows. A good principle, stemming from Gestalt psychology, is that you should place a control of a certain device close to that device. This is called the â€Å"proximity principle†. In some cases this is not done, and controls for the windows in a car might be located far away from the windows. The design of the physical environment is also of interest. When a new living area is created and houses and paths are designed, it is common to find that people living there are not walking on the paths that have been so nicely designed. Instead they quite often are using the shortest route across some sensitive area(s). A simple solution here would be to wait and see where people are walking, and after that decide the paths should be located. In some hotel rooms you must use most of your brain power to figure out how the shower works. The problem in many cases is that the function is hidden, and it is not possible to directly see how the shower must be operated. Technology can be used to supervise people – Big Brother can see you In some cases technology is used to supervise worker’s performance at workplaces. This may increase the stress level of the involved workers, and in some cases increase their stress level, and make them sick. On example comes from call centres. The number of call centres has increased rapidly in Sweden. A common definition of a call centre is a working place where people are engaged in telephone communication with customers and are doing that with the help of computer support. In a call centre the operator’s performance can be effectively supervised with the help of computers. It is possible to measure the number of telephone calls each employee is performing during the working day, and also measure the number of breaks that occur during a working day. A psychological effect of this registration is, sometimes, an increased stress level among the workers. Big Brother can see you! Technology can be used to supervise traffic streams, control traffic streams, and identify speeding drivers. Cameras on the road side are being more and more common in Sweden. Some drivers don’t like being supervised by â€Å"Big Brother† and one solution seems to be the destruction of cameras. Technology can also be used to prevent drunken drivers from using their car. Before the car can be started the driver must exhale (breathe) into a measuring device. If the device detects alcohol in the air then the car will not be possible to start. Some drivers which have been found guilty of driving when intoxicated by alcohol have, as a part of their treatment, accepted to install this kind of device in their car. A follow up study has shown that many of these convicted drivers have stopped using this device. Technology can give an invitation to â€Å"Human Error† Besides making us feel stupid, improper design of technology can cause incidents, accidents, and in the worst case kill people. Please let me illustrate this by using some well known accidents as examples. Three Mile Island, USA. This accident happened in the USA 1971. A problem occurred in the Nuclear Power Plant and the situation gradually developed into something problematic. One, out of many, aspects of this accident is that the alarm systems in the Power Plant were activated, and very soon a large number of alarms and warnings were sounding. This probably increased the stress level of the operators who were trying to understand the problem and what to do with it. A high level of stress is not an optimal condition for solving a complex problem. One problem here was that instead of helping the operators to solve the problem the alarm systems made the situation worse. The crash in Gottrà ¶ra, Sweden. A certain similarity can be found in an accident with a passenger plane in Sweden, 1991. A plane (MD 81) started from Arlanda airport (Stockholm) and soon after the start it lost the power of one engine and shortly thereafter the power of the other engine. The captain’s plan was to fly the plane without the help of the engines (basic flying) and perform an emergency landing on an empty field at a distance from the airport. During the four minutes, from the moment the engines had stopped until the aircraft landed safely (!), the plane was shaking and the instrument panel were blinking. Auditory warnings were activated and a female warning voice was talking continuously. The information from the plane to the captain was chaotic and did not offer any useful help to him. In one interview after the accident the captain stated that on the wish list was a warning system that can offer help in situations of this kind. Not a system that distracts and increases the pilots stress level. In Linkà ¶ping, Sweden, a number of patients were treated with the help of a machine that should purify their blood. A nurse misjudged the information from the machine and by mistake turned the machine off. A number of patients died as a result. The machine was built by some technicians and when it was working correctly a number of indicators (lamps) showed the colour red. Normally red is a colour that is used for warnings of different kind. There are also a number of accidents that have occurred as a result of automation. Automation of some tasks may solve some problems, but can also create new possibilities for errors (Bainbridge, 1987). It has been found that people may have an over trust in automation and believe that an automated system takes care of more that it actually can take care of. Automation can also have the effect that an operator becomes less involved in the control of a system and has a problem to take the control back when so needed. What can we do to avoid the negative sides of technology? In the cases where technology is used to supervise people and this is not totally accepted by people this may be regarded as a political question and should be treated as such. This case will not be discussed further in this paper. In cases where the design of technology has caused problems it is possible to provide some guidelines. Improper design of technology is common when technology is designed without consideration of the user’s needs, abilities and limitations. The following advices can be given: Start the development process of new technology by investigating the needs of the intended users! Perform a task analysis (see for instance Kirwan and Ainsworth, 1993) and try to understand what the users need are in order to perform the task efficiently and safely. Involve the intended users early in the design process! Remember that they have a lot of valuable knowledge concerning the task and how it may be performed. Respect individual differences! There are sometimes large individual variations among users of a technological device and the design should be flexible enough to take care of this variation. Make it possible for users to understand the technical device. If users can understand the way a technical device works (if I push this button, then that will happen) the risk for so called â€Å"human error† will most likely decrease. Use the scientific method – test and test again, until you have eliminated the worst problems. The empirical testing of a technical device should have a high priority. Design for human error! People will, in the long run, get tired, distracted or anything else and make an error. This is sometimes called Murphy’s law – if anything can go wrong then it will, sooner or later. Human beings are not like machines and we have to design with that in mind. A technical device should be designed to make it possible to escape the error that sooner or later will be made. Provide feedback (this happened) and feedforward (that will happen). Feedback and feedforward from a technical device should be clear and easy to understand. This will give the user a possibility to understand the system. If possible introduce an undo function! As mentioned earlier people will make errors and this is an error correcting possibility. Use a system perspective! Any kind of technological equipment will be used in a certain context. Analyse the context and see whether the new artefact can successfully be mixed into the context. These are general rules to follow, and by following them I strongly believe that we can influence the design of technology in such a way that our lifestyles and health will be improved. References Bainbridge, L. (1987). Ironies of Automation. In J. Rasmussen, K. Duncan and J. Leplat (Eds.) New Technology and Human Error, John Wiley & Sons Ltd Kirwan, B., and Ainsworth, L.K. (Eds.) (1993). A guide to task analysis. Taylor & Francis Norman, D.A. (1993). Things that make us smart. PERSEUS BOOKS, USA Reason, J. (1990). Human error. Cambridge university press, USA Simon, H. (1969). The Science of the Artificial. The M.I.T. PRESS

Animal Farm, By George Orwell - 1039 Words

Some people have jobs simply while trying to figure out what they really want to do in life. Other people are passionate about reporting to work because they deem it their responsibility to God and humanity to do so. The latter group of people have the same challenges, personal flaws, and working environments as those just passing time until something better comes along, but their belief that they are literally supposed to be doing the particular thing they are doing in the particular place they are doing it is a conviction which is necessary to combat the unnecessary evils which can be found in the work place. Although various laws, guidelines, policies, and procedures exist, people are still treated inhumanely. Simply put, wherever there is the presence of people, there will always be the absence of perfection. In Animal Farm, Eric Blair (under the pseudonym George Orwell), presents a veiled, yet poignant exposition and commentary regarding communist Russia under Czar Nicholas. The animals on Manor Farm are upset. They feel like they are exploited by humankind without seeing the fruits of their labor. They revolt, overthrow farmer Jones and his men, and assume control of their own lives, yet it is not long before the animals themselves begin to mimic and emulate humankind. The pigs assume control of the farm, and exploit the others because they assert themselves as the brains of the operation, so to speak. At the conclusion of the revolution, a commandment was establishedShow MoreRelatedAnimal Farm And George Orwell By George Orwell1034 Words   |  5 Pages Eric Arthur Blair, under the pseudonym of George Orwell, composed many novels in his lifetime that were considered both politically rebellious and socially incorrect. Working on the dream since childhood, Orwell would finally gain notoriety as an author with his 1945 novel Animal Farm, which drew on personal experiences and deeply rooted fear to satirically critique Russian communism during its expansion. Noticing the impact he made, he next took to writing the novel 1984, which similarly criticizedRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell1397 Words   |  6 PagesAn important quote by the influential author of Animal Farm, George Orwell, is, â€Å"Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism.† George Orwell, a Democratic Socialist, wrote the book Animal Farm as an attack on the Communist country of Russia (â€Å"The Political Ideas of George Orwell,† worldsocialism.org). He had a very strong disliking of Communism and the Socialist party of Russia. However, he insisted on finding the truthRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1545 Words   |  7 Pagesallow because an this elite institution of people often use this gear to dominate and oppress society. In George Orwell’s story, Animal Farm, Orwell demonstrates that education is a powerful weapon and is a device that can be used to at least one’s benefit. Living in a world where strength is a straightforward to benefit, the pigs quick use education to govern the relaxation of the animals on the farm to serve themselves worked to their advantage. This story in shows the underlying message that   firstRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell944 Words   |  4 Pageslegs(Orwell 132). He carried a whip in his trotter(Orwell 133). In the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell, animals have the ability to talk and form their own ethos, Animalism. Animal Farm is an intriguing allegory by George Orwell, who is also th e author of 1984, includes many enjoyable elements. More knowledge of the author, his use of allegorical elements, themes, symbols, and the significance in the real world, allows the reader to get more out of this glance into the future. George OrwellRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell876 Words   |  4 Pagesrebellious animals think no man means freedom and happiness, but they need to think again. The animals of Manor Farm rebel against the farm owner, Mr. Jones, and name it Animal Farm. The animals create Animalism, with seven commandments. As everything seems going well, two of the animals get into a rivalry, and things start changing. Food starts disappearing and commandments are changed, and the power begins to shift. Father of dystopian genre, George Orwell writes an interesting allegory, Animal FarmRead MoreAnimal Farm by George Orwell1100 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Widely acknowledged as a powerful allegory, the 1945 novella Animal Farm, conceived from the satirical mind of acclaimed author George Orwell, is a harrowing fable of a fictional dystopia that critiques the socialist philosophy of Stalin in terms of his leadership of the Soviet Union. 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George Orwell uses the characters in Animal Farm to showRead MoreAnimal Farm by George Orwell1175 Words   |  5 PagesAn enthusiastic participant in the Spanish civil war in 1936, George Orwell had a great understanding of the political world and made his strong opinions known through his enlightening literary works, many of which are still read in our modern era. Inspired by the 1917 Russian Revolution and the failed society it resulted in, Animal Farm by George Orwell is an encapsulating tale that epitomises how a free utopian society so idealistic can never be accomplished. The novella exemplifies how influencesRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1089 Words   |  5 PagesIn George Orwell’s â€Å"Animal Farm†, the pigs as the farm leaders, use unknown language, invoke scare tactics and create specific laws, thereby enabling them to control other animals, to suit their greedy desires, and to perform actions outside their realm of power. Because of the pigs’ use of broad language, and the implementation of these tactics they are able to get away with avoiding laws, and are able to convince other animals into believing untrue stories that are beneficial to the pigs. The firstRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1212 Words   |  5 PagesShe stood there over the dead animals thinking to herself what have we come to? We try to become free but we just enslave ourselves to a so called superior kind. Napoleon killed the animals in front of the whole farm and said that this was to be the punishment for the traitors. Snowball was known as a traitor now and anyone conspiring with him would be killed. Snowball and Napoleon both represent historical characters during the Russian revolution in 1917.Snowball who was one of the smartest pigs